سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

محمدی, سیده مریم, لرستانی, بهاره, سبحان اردکانی, سهیل, چراغی, مهرداد, طیبی, لیما. (1400). منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برخی فلزهای سنگین در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران. , 19(3), 1-22. doi: 10.52547/envs.2021.1005
سیده مریم محمدی; بهاره لرستانی; سهیل سبحان اردکانی; مهرداد چراغی; لیما طیبی. "منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برخی فلزهای سنگین در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران". , 19, 3, 1400, 1-22. doi: 10.52547/envs.2021.1005
محمدی, سیده مریم, لرستانی, بهاره, سبحان اردکانی, سهیل, چراغی, مهرداد, طیبی, لیما. (1400). 'منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برخی فلزهای سنگین در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران', , 19(3), pp. 1-22. doi: 10.52547/envs.2021.1005
محمدی, سیده مریم, لرستانی, بهاره, سبحان اردکانی, سهیل, چراغی, مهرداد, طیبی, لیما. منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برخی فلزهای سنگین در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران. , 1400; 19(3): 1-22. doi: 10.52547/envs.2021.1005

منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برخی فلزهای سنگین در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران

فصلنامه علوم محیطی
مقاله 1، دوره 19، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 1-22    اصل مقاله (877.52 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.52547/envs.2021.1005
نویسندگان
سیده مریم محمدی1؛ بهاره لرستانی* 1؛ سهیل سبحان اردکانی1؛ مهرداد چراغی1؛ لیما طیبی2
1گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران
2گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: فلزهای سنگین از شایعترین آلاینده های خاک هستند که از قابلیت ایجاد خطر برای سلامت انسان و بویژه کودکان برخوردارند. از اینرو، این پژوهش با هدف منشاءیابی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی عناصر آهن، روی، سرب، کادمیم، کروم و نیکل در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران در سال 1399 انجام یافت.
مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه توصیفی، پس از جمع آوری 30 نمونه خاک سطحی از 10 ایستگاه منتخب واقع در مجاور مجتمع آرادکوه و سپس آماده سازی و هضم اسیدی نمونه ها در آزمایشگاه، محتوی عناصر به روش طیف سنجی نوری پلاسمای جفت شده القایی  خوانده شد. همچنین، نسبت به محاسبه سنجه های ارزیابی درجه آلودگی خاک، خطرپذیری بالقوه بوم شناختی و خطرپذیری بالقوه بوم شناختی تجمعی اقدام شد. برای شناسایی منابع بالقوه عناصر در نمونه های خاک از روش تحلیل مؤلفه های اصلی  و برای تشخیص گروه بندی عناصر از خوشه بندی سلسله مراتبی  استفاده شد. پردازش آماری نتایج نیز با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS انجام یافت.
نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت عناصر )میلی گرم در کیلوگرم( در نمونه های خاک برابر با 6 / 26651 برای آهن، 7 / 71 برای روی، 7 / 27 برای سرب، 22 / 1 برای کادمیم، 3 / 22 برای کروم و 8 / 32 برای نیکل بوده است. از طرفی، کیفیت خاک سطحی منطقه مورد مطالعه بنابر مقادیر فاکتور غنی شدگی از "غنی شدگی جزئی" تا "غنی شدگی متوسط به بالا"، بنابر مقادیر سنجه آلودگی از "آلودگی ناچیز" تا "آلودگی زیاد"، برطبق مقادیر سنجه درجه آلودگی در "درجه متوسط آلودگی"، برطبق مقادیر سنجه ژئوشیمیایی مولر از "غیرآلوده" تا "آلودگی متوسط" متغیر بوده است. نتایج محاسبه سنجه Er نشان داد که خطر بالقوه بوم شناختی برای عناصر روی، سرب، کروم و نیکل "کم" و برای عنصر کادمیم"متوسط" بوده است. از طرفی، با توجه به اینکه میانگین مقدار سنجه RI برابر با 9 / 170 بود، بنابراین، سنجه خطرپذیری بالقوه بوم شناختی تجمعی عناصر در نمونه های خاک مورد مطالعه در دسته "مخاطره بوم شناختی متوسط" قرار داشت. نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و سنجه های ژئوشیمیایی مولر، PI و IPI در تطابق با نتایج PCA و HCA ، بیانگر آن بود که عناصر روی، کادمیم، کروم و نیکل در نمونه های خاک احتمالاً ازمنابع انسان ساخت و سرب نیز از منبع طبیعی نشأت گرفته است.
نتیجه گیری: هر چند میانگین مقادیر سنجه RI عناصر در نمونه های خاک منطقه مورد مطالعه در محدوده خطر بوم شناختی متوسط قرار داشت، ولی از آنجا که عنصر کادمیم با % 3 / 93 بیشترین سهم را در ایجاد مخاطره بوم شناختی داشته است، از اینرو، توجه به شناسایی و کنترل منابع انتشار این عنصر در محیط خاک با قابلیت انتقال آلاینده ها به زنجیر غذایی و یا ایجاد خطر برای سلامت شهروندان از طریق تماس پوستی و یا تنفس ذرات آلوده برای حفظ سلامت شهروندان توصیه می شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
خاک سطحی؛ خطر بالقوه بوم‌شناختی؛ درجه آلودگی؛ فلزات سنگین؛ مجتمع پردازش و دفع پسماند آرادکوه
عنوان مقاله [English]
Source identification and ecological risk assessment of some heavy metals in surface soils collected from the vicinity of Arad-Kouh processing and disposal complex, Tehran, Iran
نویسندگان [English]
Seyedeh Maryam Mohammadi1؛ Bahareh Lorestani1؛ Soheil Sobhan Ardakani1؛ Mehrdad Cheraghi1؛ Lima Tayebi2
1Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2Department of the Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Heavy metals are the common pollutants of soils, which pose a potential threat to the public and particularly children's health. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the source identification and potential ecological risk of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni in surface soils collected from the vicinity of Arad-Kouh processing and disposal complex, Tehran, Iran in 2020.
Material and methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 30 surface soil samples were collected from 10 sampling sites. After acid digestion of soil samples, the element contents were determined using ICP-OES. Also, pollution indices, potential ecological risk were computed. Moreover, principal component analyses (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were performed to find out the contamination sources and distinguish the different groups of analyzed elements from different sources, respectively. Furthermore, all statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software.
Results and discussion: Based on the results, the mean content of elements in soil specimens (mg/kg) was 26651.6 for Fe, 71.7 for Zn, 27.7 for Pb, 1.22 for Cd, 22.3 for Cr, and 32.8 for Ni. On the other hand, the soil quality of the study area varied between 'minor enrichment' to 'moderately severe enrichment' based on the enrichment factor (EF) values, between 'low contamination' to 'high contamination' based on the pollution index (PI) values, and between 'unpolluted' to 'moderately polluted' based on the geo-accumulation index (I-geo) values and also showed 'moderate degree of contamination' based on the degree of contamination (DC) values. The computed values of Er showed that the potential ecological risk of Zn, Pb, Cr, and Ni was low and for Cd was moderate. Also, as the mean value of RI was 170.9, all the examined elements could be classified as a moderate ecological risk. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient, I-geo, PI, and IPI in accordance with PCA and HCA indicated that Zn, Cd, Cr, and Ni were originated from anthropogenic sources, while, Pb had a lithogenic origin.
Conclusion: Although the studied elements had moderate potential ecological risk, since the Cd with 93.3% of the mean RI values showed a higher potential environmental risk compared to other elements, therefore, source identification and source control of this element with potentially adverse effects on humans and also environmental health is recommended.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Surface soil, Potential ecological risk, Degree of contamination, Heavy metals, Arad-Kouh processing and disposal complex
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