اثر نابرابری درآمدی بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای در حال توسعه: شواهدی از الگوی رگرسیون آستانه‌ای تابلویی | ||
| اقتصاد و الگو سازی | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 51، آذر 1401، صفحه 147-181 اصل مقاله (1.27 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/jem.2023.229444.1796 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلال منتظری شورکچالی* 1؛ مهدی زاهد غروی2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه اقتصاد پژوهشکده اقتصاد پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه علوم اقتصادی دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آیت‌اللّه بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به اهمیت بحث اثرگذاری نابرابری درآمدی بر رشد اقتصادی، پژوهش حاضر ضمن بررسی رابطه علّی بین نابرابری درآمدی و رشد اقتصادی، به بررسی فرضیه اثرگذاری نامتقارن نابرابری درآمدی بر رشد اقتصادی بیست و پنج کشور در حال توسعه طی دوره 2018-1996 پرداخته است. نتایج آزمون علیت گرنجر داده‌های تابلویی نشان داد که بین نابرابری درآمدی و رشد اقتصادی تنها یک رابطه علّی یک‌طرفه از سمت نابرابری درآمدی به سمت رشد اقتصادی وجود دارد. همچنین بررسی فرضیه اثرگذاری نامتقارن نابرابری درآمدی بر رشد اقتصادی با استفاده از رگرسیون آستانه‌ای داده‌های تابلویی نشان می‌دهد که نابرابری درآمدی در قالب یک ساختار دو رژیمی بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای تحت مطالعه اثر گذاشته، اگرچه یافته‌ها وجود رابطه U معکوس بین این متغیرها را تایید نمی‌کند. یافته‌های این پژوهش دیدگاه بارو مبنی بر این که «نابرابری درآمدی موجب تضعیف رشد اقتصادی در کشورهای در حال توسعه می‌شود» را تایید می‌کند. بنابراین توصیه می‌شود که برخلاف تئوری اقتصاد کلاسیک، کشورهای در حال توسعه نه تنها برای برقراری عدالت اجتماعی بلکه حداقل برای افزایش رشد اقتصادی نیاز به اجرای سیاست‌های کاهش نابرابری درآمدی دارند. همچنین با توجه به این که رابطه علّی یک‌طرفه از طرف نابرابری درآمدی به طرف رشد اقتصادی وجود دارد، این کشورها نمی‌توانند برای بهبود وضعیت توزیع درآمد امید به افزایش رشد اقتصادی داشته باشند، بلکه باید برای بهبود توزیع درآمد سیاست‌های مستقلی را اجرا کنند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| نابرابری درآمدی؛ رشد اقتصادی؛ آزمون علیت گرنجر داده‌های تابلویی؛ رگرسیون آستانه‌ای داده‌های تابلویی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Income Inequality on Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Threshold Regression Model | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Jalal Montazeri Shoorekchali1؛ Mehdi Zahedgharavi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Economics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Human Sciences, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Borujerd, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Considering the importance of the impact of income inequality on economic growth, this study examined the causal relationship between income inequality and economic growth with the hypothesis of income inequality's inconclusive and asymmetric effects on economic growth for 25 developing countries from 1996-2018. The Panel Granger causality test results show only a unidirectional causal relationship from income inequality to economic growth. Also, the study of the hypothesis of the asymmetric effect of income inequality on economic growth using panel threshold regression show that income inequality affected economic growth in the form of a two-regime structure (with a threshold value of 48% for the Gini coefficient), although the findings do not confirm the existence of an inverse U relationship between these variables. Therefore, it can be said that our findings confirmed Barrow (2000)'s view that "income inequality weakens economic growth in developing countries." Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that developing countries need to implement policies to reduce income inequality not only to establish social justice, but also to increase economic growth. Also, because of the unidirectional causal relationship between income inequality to economic growth in developing countries, policies to increase economic growth in these countries do not lead to improvement in income distribution. Therefore, these countries must implement independent policies to improve income distribution. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Income Inequality, Economic Growth, Panel Granger Causality Test, Panel Threshold Regression | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abida, Z., & Sghaier, I. M. (2012). Economic growth and income inequality: Empirical evidence from North African countries. Zagreb International Review of Economics & Business, 15 (2), 29-44. - Abonouri, E. & Ajdari, H. (1999). Effect of Income Distribution on Economic Growth: A Among Countries Analysis with Emphasizing on Iran. Human Sciences Journal of Alzahra University, 9(32), 52-73 (In Persian). - Abrishami, H., Mehrara, M. & Khatabakhsh, P. (2005). Investigating Relation of Growth and Income Distribution in Iran. Macroeconomics Research Letter, 5(17), 13-50 (In Persian). - Aghion, P., Caroli, E., & Garcia-Penalosa, C. (1999). Inequality and economic growth: the perspective of the new growth theories. Journal of Economic literature, 37 (4), 1615-1660. - Alesina, A., & Rodrik, D. (1994). Distributive politics and economic growth. The quarterly journal of economics, 109(2), 465-490. - Ali, S. (2014). Inflation, income inequality and economic growth in Pakistan: A cointegration analysis. International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories, 4(1), 33-42. - Ameur, A. A., & Seffih, S. (2021). Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Algeria: Empirical Study during the period 1980-2015. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 9 (1), 39-49. - Andrews, D. W. (1993). Tests for parameter instability and structural change with unknown change point. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 821-856. - Arbab, H., Emami Meibodi, A., & Rajabi Ghadi, S. (2017). The relationship between renewable energy use and economic growth in OPEC countries. Iranian Energy Economics, 6(23), 29-56 (In Persian). - Bai, J. and Perron, P. (1998). Estimating and Testing Linear Models with Multiple Structural Changes. Econometrica, 66(1), 47-78. - Bargi Oskooee, M. M., Khodaverdizadeh, M., Khodaverdizadeh, S., & Vafamand, A. (2017). Threshold Effect of Income Inequality on Economic Growth in Selected Developing Countries: Panel Smooth Transition Regression. Economic Growth and Development Research, 7(27), 65-80 (In Persian). - Barro, R. J. (2000). Inequality and Growth in a Panel of Countries. Journal of economic growth, 5 (1), 5-32. - Besarria, C. N., Araujo, J. M., Da Silva, A. F., Sobral, E. F. M., & Pereira, T. G. (2018). Effects of income inequality on the economic growth of Brazilian states. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(3), 548-563. - Caraballo, M. Á., Dabús, C., & Delbianco, F. (2017). Income inequality and economic growth revisited. A note. Journal of International Development, 29(7), 1025-1029. - Chen, B. L. (2003). An inverted-U relationship between inequality and long-run growth. Economics Letters, 78(2), 205-212. - Dabla-Norris, M. E., Kochhar, M. K., Suphaphiphat, M. N., Ricka, M. F., & Tsounta, M. E. (2015). Causes and consequences of income inequality: A global perspective. International Monetary Fund. - De Dominicis, L., Florax, R. J., & De Groot, H. L. (2008). A meta‐analysis on the relationship between income inequality and economic growth. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 55(5), 654-682. - Delbianco, F., Dabús, C., & Caraballo, M. Á. (2014). Income inequality and economic growth: New evidence from Latin America. Cuadernos de Economía, 33(63), 381-398. - Fawaz, F., Rahnama, M., & Valcarcel, V. J. (2014). A refinement of the relationship between economic growth and income inequality. Applied Economics, 46(27), 3351-3361. - Forbes, K. J. (2000). A reassessment of the relationship between inequality and growth. American economic review, 90(4), 869-887. - Granger, C. W. J., & Newbold, P. (1973). Some comments on the evaluation of economic forecasts. Applied Economics, 5(1), 35-47. - Hansen, B. E. (1999). Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels: Estimation, testing, and inference. Journal of econometrics, 93(2), 345-368. - Heidari H, Hassanzadeh A. (2017). Investigating the Relationship between Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Iran. Refah Journal, 16(63), 89-125 (In Persian). - Hsing, Y. (2005). Economic growth and income inequality: the case of the US. International Journal of Social Economics, 32(7), 639-647. - Islam, M. R. (2017). Income Inequality and Economic Growth Nexus in Japan: A Multivariate Analysis. The Ritsumeikan economic review: the bi-monthly journal of Ritsumeikan University, 65(4), 439-456. - Kennedy, T., Smyth, R., Valadkhani, A., & Chen, G. (2017). Does income inequality hinder economic growth? New evidence using Australian taxation statistics. Economic Modelling, 65, 119-128. - Khattak, D., Muhammad, A., & Iqbal, K. (2014). Determining the relationship between income inequality, economic growth & inflation. Journal of Social Economics, 1(3), 104-114. - Le, Q. H., & Nguyen, H. N. (2019). The impact of income inequality on economic growth in Vietnam: An empirical analysis. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 9(5), 617-629. - Li, H., & Zou, H. F. (1998). Income inequality is not harmful for growth: theory and evidence. Review of development economics, 2(3), 318-334. - Mdingi, K., & Ho, S. Y. (2021). Literature review on income inequality and economic growth. MethodsX, 8, 101402. - Mo, P. H. (2000). Income inequality and economic growth. Kyklos, 53(3), 293-315. - Montazeri Shoorekchali, J., & Zahed Gharavi, M. (2020). Investigating the Relationship between Government Size and Income Inequality in Iran: The MS-VAR Approach. Journal of Economics and Modeling, 11(2), 29-64 (In Persian). - Nili, M. & FarahBakhsh, A. (1998). The Relation Between Economics Growth and Income Distribution. Planning and Budgeting, 3(11-12), 121-154 (In Persian). - Nwosa, P. I. (2019). Income inequality and economic growth in Nigeria: Implication for Economic Development. Acta Universitatis Danubius. Economica, 15(1), 108-116. - Panizza, U. (2002). Income inequality and economic growth: Evidence from American data. Journal of Economic Growth, 7(1), 25-41. - Panizza, Ugo. (1999). Income Inequality and Economic Growth: Evidence from American Data. IADB Working Paper. 404, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=178708. - Partridge, M. D. (1997). Is inequality harmful for growth? Comment. The American Economic Review, 87(5), 1019-1032. - Pede, V.O., Sparks A.H. & McKinley, J.D. (2012). Regional Income Inequality and Economic Growth: A Spatial Econometrics Analysis for Provinces in The Philippines. International Rice Research Institute, 1-23. - Perotti, R. (1996). Growth, income distribution, and democracy: What the data say. Journal of Economic growth, 1(2), 149-187. - Saint Akadiri, S., & Akadiri, A. C. (2018). Growth and inequality in Africa: Reconsideration. Academic Journal of Economic Studies, 4(3), 76-86. - Samadi, A. H., Dehghan Shabani, Z., & Moradi Kouchi, A. (2015). Spatial Analysis of the Effect of Income Inequality on Economic Growth in Iran. Economic Growth and Development Research, 5(19), 72-57 (In Persian). - Seo, H. J., Kim, H., & Lee, Y. S. (2020). The Dynamic relationship between inequality and sustainable economic growth. Sustainability, 12(14), 5740. - Shin, I. (2012). Income inequality and economic growth. Economic Modelling, 29(5), 2049-2057. - Soleymani, B. & Bijani, T. (2014). Income Inequality, Trade Openness and Economic Growth in Iran. Macroeconomics Research Letter, 8(16), 101-120 (In Persian). - Thorbecke, E., & Charumilind, C. (2002). Economic inequality and its socioeconomic impact. World development, 30(9), 1477-1495. - Wahiba, N. F., & El Weriemmi, M. (2014). The relationship between economic growth and income inequality. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 4(1), 135-143. - Yang, Y., & Greaney, T. M. (2017). Economic growth and income inequality in the Asia-Pacific region: A comparative study of China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. Journal of Asian Economics, 48, 6-22. - Yin, H., Gong, L., & Zou, H. F. (2006). Income inequality and economic growth—the Kuznets curve revisited. Frontiers of Economics in China, 1(2), 196-206. - Zhao, S. X., & Zhang, L. (2005). Economic growth and income inequality in Hong Kong: Trends and Explanations. China: An International Journal, 3(01), 74-103. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 768 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 597 |
||