استراتژی های بهره مندی از انرژی خورشیدی غیرفعال در ساخت اقامتگاه های بوم گردی در روستاهای اقلیم گرم و خشک (نمونه موردی روستای دهسلم) | ||
| فصلنامه علوم محیطی | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 22، شماره 4، 1403، صفحه 711-728 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/envs.2023.1318 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهار بیشمی* 1؛ سمانه اسماعیلی2 | ||
| 1گروه گردشگری، پژوهشگاه میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه معماری و انرژی، واحد طراحی شرکت خدمات مهندسی و شهرسازی علوی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: اﻣﺮوزه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی جهانی، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ناشی از سوخت های فسیلی است که لازمه ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ آن، بهره گیری از اﻧﺮژی های ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ است. در این خصوص، انرژی خورشیدی بدلیل در دسترس بودن و ظرفیت بالای سالیانه، توسط بسیاری از کشورهای جهان مورد توجه قرار گرفته و محققین نیز به استفاده از استراتژیهایی جهت بهره مندی از آن در کاهش مصرف انرژی از جمله در ساختمان ها روی آورده اند. این استراتژی ها را می توان راهبردی کارآمد در فرآیند توسعه پایدار بویژه در مناطق روستایی دانست. اما آنچه که می تواند در کنار استفاده از انرژیخورشیدی این توسعه را در مناطق روستایی تسریع بخشد، گردشگری است. اهمیت استفاده از انرژی های تجدیدپذیر در صنعت گردشگری، ضمن محدود کردن سهم این صنعت از مشکلات محیط زیستی، کمک به کاهش هزینه های فعالیت اقامتگاه های بومگردی و زمینه سازی برای گسترش گردشگری روستایی بعنوان محرک توسعه پایدار نیز، عمل می کند. اﻣﺮوزه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی جهانی، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات آبوﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ناشی از سوخت های فسیلی است که لازمه ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ آن، بهرهگیری از اﻧﺮژیهای ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ است. در این خصوص، انرژی خورشیدی بدلیل در دسترس بودن و ظرفیت بالای تجدیدپذیری، در بسیاری از کشورهای جهان مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. محققین نیز به استفاده از استراتژیهایی برای بهرهمندی از آن در کاهش مصرف انرژی از جمله در ساختمان ها روی آوردهاند. این مطالعه بدنبال تعریف استراتژیهای کاربردی برای استفاده در اقامتگاههای بومگردی بعنوان منشأ اثر گردشگری و یکی از ارکان اصلی توسعه پایدار نواحی روستایی است. این استراتژیها با کاهش هزینههای ناشی از مصرف انرژی، موجب افزایش توجیه اقتصادی ساخت اقامتگاه بومگردی و گسترش گردشگری روستایی شده و به تبع آن زمینهساز ایجاد فرصتهای جدیدی از قبیل اشتغال، کاهش مهاجرت و ... در این مناطق میشوند. مواد و روشها: پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی بوده و با توجه به ماهیت موضوع، رویکرد حاکم بر فضای پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی توسعهای است. منطقه مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش روستای دهسلم در شهرستان نهبندان در شرق ایران است. این مطالعه ضمن توصیف انواع سامانههای خورشیدی و جایگاه آن در اقلیم گرموخشک، به نقش مؤثر اقامتگاه بومگردی در توسعه گردشگری این اقلیم و توصیف ویژگیهای منطقه پرداخته است. سپس، شرایط اقلیمیاین منطقه را با نرمافزار معروف به مشاور آبوهوا (Climate Consultant) آنالیز کرده و به ارائه استراتژیهای بهرهمندی از انرژی خورشیدی غیرفعال برای منطقه مورد مطالعه و بصورت کلی برای مناطق با آبوهوای گرموخشک پرداخته است. نتایج و بحث: بر اساس مبانی نظری ارائه شده و بررسی پیشینه پژوهشهای آن و همچنین با بررسی میزان و مدت دریافت انرژی خورشیدی در منطقه مورد مطالعه و با استناد به آنالیزهای نرمافزاری مبتنیبر دادههای اقلیمییکساله، استراتژیهای بهرهمندی از انرژی خورشیدی غیرفعال در ساخت اقامتگاه های بوم گردی در روستاهای اقلیم گرموخشک ارائه شده اند. این استراتژیها در قالب نه راهکار مطرح و نحوه اثرگذاری هر یک بر بهینهسازی مصرف انرژی توضیح داده شده است. نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، میتوان استراتژیهایی را برای کاربرد انرژی غیرفعال خورشیدی بمنظور کاهش مصرف سوختهای فسیلی در اقامتگاههای بومگردی اقلیم گرموخشک ارائه داد. این اقدام گامیدر جهت محدود کردن سهم صنعت گردشگری در مشکلات محیط زیست، کمک به کاهش هزینههای بهرهبرداری اقامتگاههای بومگردی، ایجاد جذابیت اقتصادی این کسبوکار و زمینهسازی رشد و گسترش گردشگری روستایی در اقلیم گرموخشک، بعنوان پیشرانهای برای توسعه پایدار این نواحی خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| انرژی خورشیدی؛ بوم گردی؛ اقامتگاه بوم گردی؛ سیستم های غیرفعال خورشیدی؛ اقلیم گرم و خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Strategies for Using Passive Solar Energy in Construction of Eco-Lodge in Xerothermic Climate Villages (Case Study of Dehsalm Village) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bahar Beishami1؛ Samaneh Esmaili2 | ||
| 1Department of Tourism Research Center of RICHT Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Architecture and Energy, Design in Alavi eginering service company, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: Today, one of the global challenges is climate change caused by fossil fuels, which needs to be reduced by using renewable energies. In this regard, solar energy has been considered by many countries of the world due to its availability and high annual capacity, and researchers have also turned to use strategies to benefit from it in reducing energy consumption, including in buildings. These strategies can be considered an efficient strategy in the process of sustainable development, especially in rural areas. In addition to solar energy, tourism can significantly accelerate sustainable development in rural areas. Utilizing renewable energy within the tourism industry not only mitigates the sector’s environmental impact but also reduces operational costs for eco-tourism accommodations. This approach fosters the expansion of rural tourism while catalyzing sustainable development. Today, one of the global challenges is climate change caused by fossil fuels, which needs to be reduced by using renewable energies. In this regard, solar energy has received attention in many countries of the world, due to its availability and high renewable capacity. Researchers have also focused on using strategies to apply it for reducing energy consumption, including in buildings. This study aims to define practical strategies for eco-lodges, as an effective source of tourism and one of the main bases of sustainable development in rural areas. Reducing the costs of energy consumption, these strategies increase the economic justification of building eco-lodges and expand rural tourism, and consequently, provide new opportunities such as employment, reducing migration in these areas. Material and Methods: This paper is an applied research in terms of purpose and concerning the subject nature is "descriptive-analytical development". The area studied in this research is Dehsalam village in Nehbandan, east of Iran. In addition to describing the types of solar devices and their importance in xerothermic climates, this study has discussed the effective role of eco-lodge in the development of tourism in this climate and described the region's characteristics. Afterwards, it analyzed the climatic conditions of this region, using the software "Climate Consultant", and provided strategies to apply passive solar energy for the region and in general for regions with xerothermic climates. Results and Discussion: With the current trend of energy consumption and population growth, extraction from finite resources is continuously increasing. Considering the environmental debates surrounding the use of these resources and their pollution, moving towards renewable resources is considered essential. Among all the renewable sources, the use of solar energy has a suitable acceptance among different countries With the knowledge of the effective role of rural tourism in development in the light of providing energy needs if using the method presented in this research and providing conditions for sustainable development, especially in villages and deprived areas, reducing the operating costs of ecotourism residences by using systems Passive solar (static) to provide temperature comfort, reduce fossil fuel consumption, prevent air pollution, Destruction of the environment and its protection will lead to the prevention of climate change on a large scale if these strategies are developed and expanded. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it was possible to provide strategies for the use of passive solar energy in reducing the consumption of fossil fuels in eco-lodges in a xerothermic climate. This will be a step towards limiting the contribution of the tourism industry to environmental problems, helping to reduce the costs of eco-lodges, creating economic attractiveness of this business, and facilitating the growth and expansion of rural tourism in xerothermic climate, as a driver for the sustainable development of these areas. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Solar energy, Ecotourism, Eco lodge, Passive solar systems, Arid climate | ||
| مراجع | ||
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