توانمندسازی ساختاری زنان و توسعه اشتغال (مطالعه موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان جرقویه، استان اصفهان)

شفیعی ثابت, ناصر; عرب مختاری, توران

doi:10.48308/sdge.2023.230145.1107

	توانمندسازی ساختاری زنان و توسعه اشتغال (مطالعه موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان جرقویه، استان اصفهان)
فصلنامه علمی توسعه پایدار محیط جغرافیایی
مقاله 11، دوره 6، شماره 10، تیر 1403، صفحه 183-203 اصل مقاله (1.56 M)
نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/sdge.2023.230145.1107
نویسندگان
ناصر شفیعی ثابت^* ؛ توران عرب مختاری
گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
دختران و زنان جوان به دلیل دسترسی محدود به آموزش، نظام های حمایتی، منابع مالی و مهارت های ضروری برای پیشرفت اقتصادی با آسیب پذیری شدیدتری روبرو هستند. در نتیجه، تقویت توانمندسازی ساختاری زنان به مثابه یک راهبرد حیاتی برای افزایش چشم انداز شغلی، مشارکت در فعالیت های معیشتی و درآمد کلی خانواده پدیدار می شود. این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل رابطه میان توانمندسازی ساختاری زنان و توسعه اشتغال در ناحیه موردمطالعه انجام شده است. یافته ها با استفاده از روش شناسی کیفی نظریه زمینه ای نشان می دهند که ابتکارات و فرصت های آموزشی توانمندسازی با افزایش اطلاعات و دانش و مهارت زنان برای توسعه اشتغال خود، مشارکت زنان را در فرایندهای تصمیم گیری در چالش ها و گستره های اجتماعی ـ اقتصادی گوناگون به شکل چشمگیری افزایش داده است. این عوامل همراه با افزایش اطلاعات، دانش و مهارت ها، رشد اشتغال زنان را تسهیل کرده است. افزون بر این، ایجاد و گسترش تعاونی ها و صندوق های اعتباری خرد، دسترسی زنان به منابع را افزایش داده و باعث افزایش فرصت های شغلی و بهبود درآمد شده است. همچنین، توانمندسازی زنان تأثیر هنجارهای اجتماعی محدودکننده را کاهش داده است و پتانسیل و خالقیت آنها را مطرح می کند. با کاهش فقر اقتصادی و بیکاری، توانمندسازی زنان دسترسی آنها به منابع مادی و غیرمادی را تسهیل و به افزایش رضایت از زندگی و استانداردهای زندگی کمک میکند. این توانمندسازی روحیه اتکا به خود و اعتمادبه نفس را نیز پرورش داده است و زنان را برای شروع سرمایه گذاری و راه اندازی کسب وکارهایی نوین ترغیب میکند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اشتغال؛ توانمندسازی ساختاری؛ توسعه؛ زنان؛ نظریه زمینه ای
عنوان مقاله [English]
Structural Empowerment of Women and Employment Development (Case Stady: Central District of Jarqouye County, Isfahan province)
نویسندگان [English]
Naser Shafieisabet؛ TOURAN ARABMOKHTARI
Department of Human Geography and spatial planning, Earth science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti university
چکیده [English]
Background and purpose The "structural empowerment approach" was introduced by Kanter in 1977 and 1993. He conceptualized structural empowerment as the process of establishing methods, capable social structures, and necessary resources within an environment, such as equipment, infrastructure, positive relationships, and knowledge sharing. This framework underscores the structural components essential for growth, learning, and subsequent empowerment. Key empowerment structures encompass delegation of power and authority, education and awareness raising, knowledge and skill development, and access to resources facilitating enhanced self-awareness and self-actualization, thereby expanding participation in diverse spheres. Women's structural empowerment is realized through the holistic consideration of these empowerment indicators. Only then can true progress in this domain be claimed. Previous research has partially explored the connection between women's empowerment and rural development. However, the specific impact of women's structural empowerment on employment remains understudied. This investigation addresses this gap by employing a novel qualitative approach. Notably, the review of existing literature informed both problem identification and methodological design, while providing a foundation for comparative analysis with the current study's findings. Methodology This study employs a qualitative research methodology grounded in grounded theory. The study population comprises rural, urban, and nomadic women residing in the central district of Jarquyeh County. Given the qualitative nature of the research, the sample size was not predetermined but determined through data collection until theoretical saturation was reached. Data collection primarily involved indepth group interviews, complemented by participant observation in specific instances. A problem-oriented questioning approach guided the interviews, while data analysis adhered to grounded theory principles. To assess researcher competence and validate the research process and findings, Strauss and Corbin's seven criteria were applied, aligning with methodological recommendations and reliable sources within the field. Findings and discussion Interviews with women and officials in Jarquyeh County revealed three primary perspectives on creating structural empowerment. In the first group, many emphasized the importance of infrastructure, asserting that a robust infrastructure is essential for fostering structural empowerment at the county level. The second group, of participants highlighted the need for a cultural shift towards structural empowerment and self-employment to create a conducive environment for its development. Finally, interviewees underscored the significance of a supportive framework as a foundational element for establishing structural empowerment. Therefore, the present results are consistent with the findings of the studies conducted by (Najafikani and Vesal, 2015), (Kimiaei, 2011), (Jafarimahtash, 2006), Sell and Minot (2018), Van den Berg et al. (2022), Parveen and Leonhauser (2004), and Orgambídez et al. (2022). Conclusion This research investigates the necessary conditions to form of women's structural empowerment as a strategy to develop employment in the central district of Jarquyeh County, Isfahan Province. By presenting a paradigmatic model based on grounded theory, a more comprehensive picture is provided to explain the phenomenon of the need for women's structural empowerment in the central district of Jarquyeh County. In a general summary and considering the frequency of concepts, three main categories of views were identified that placed greater emphasis on the infrastructures for creating structural empowerment and the culture of creating structural empowerment as the initial conditions for its formation, compared to the support frameworks for structural empowerment.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Employment, Structural Empowerment, Development, Women, Grounded Theory

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توانمندسازی ساختاری زنان و توسعه اشتغال (مطالعه موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان جرقویه، استان اصفهان)