اثرات رشد هوشمند بر زیست پذیری شهری ( منطقه 22 کلانشهر تهران) | ||
| توسعه پایدار محیط جغرافیایی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 7، شماره 12، فروردین 1404، صفحه 111-127 اصل مقاله (1.07 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/sdge.2023.233550.1161 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مینا خندان* 1؛ نوبخت سبحانی2؛ احسان قربانی3 | ||
| 1گروه شهرسازی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران | ||
| 2گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3گروه معماری، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پیشینه و هدف: ایجاد منطقه 22 در اوایل دهه 70 موجب رشد شهری دور از مرکز و توسعه خطی به سمت غرب تهران شد. با گذشت زمان، این منطقه به سمت پراکنده‌رویی و فاصله گرفتن از مرکز حرکت کرد. افزایش نرخ جمعیت و تمایل به سکونت تغییراتی در الگوی رشد منطقه ایجاد کرد، اما اصول رشد هوشمند شهری نادیده گرفته شد. این امر منجر به ساخت و ساز برج‌ها و ساختمان‌های بلندمرتبه بدون رعایت برنامه‌ریزی مناسب کاربری اراضی و تنوع‌سازی در زیست‌پذیری اجتماعی شده که الگوی نااندیشیده و گستردگی بافت شهری مشکلات منطقه 22 را تشدید کرده است. هدف این پژوهش تحلیل اثرات رشد هوشمند بر زیست پذیری شهری در منطقه 22 کلانشهر تهران بوده است روششناسی: این تحقیق از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و بر حسب گردآوری داده ها از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی میباشد. این پژوهش از دو مرحله تشکیل شده است. در مرحله اول با بررسی مبانی نظری و پیشینه تحقیق به شناسایی ابعاد و شاخص های رشد هوشمند شهری و تاثیر و میزان اهمیت آنها بر زیست پذیری منطقه به صورت کیفی در 5گروه و 38شاخص مجزا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در مرحله دوم با استفاده از تکنیک دیمتل مبتنی بر فرایند تحلیل شبکه دنپ (DANP) به بررسی شدت ارتباطات بین ابعاد و شاخص های رشد هوشمند شهری پرداخته شد. در همین راستا، ارتباط متقابل و اوزان ابعاد و شاخص ها با نظرسنجی 30 نفر از خبرگان و مدیران شهری (متخصصان که آشنایی کافی با رشد هوشمند شهری داشتند) به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند مشخص شد. یافته‌ها و بحث: نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که بُعد مدیریتی با کسب امتیاز43 0/0 یکی از اثرگذارترین معیارها در بهبود زیست‌پذیری منطقه 22 کلانشهر تهران است. این مدیریت هوشمند، به منظور استفاده بهینه از اراضی خالی و کاهش چالش‌ها، ضروری است. عملکرد اقتصادی نیز به‌طور قابل توجهی تحت تأثیر مدیریت قرار دارد و می‌تواند به بهبود شرایط زندگی شهروندان و ایجاد رشد پایدار کمک کند. عوامل اجتماعی، مانند اختلاط طبقات اجتماعی و کنترل جمعیت، نقش مهمی در زیست‌پذیری دارند. همچنین، کیفیت کالبدی منطقه که متاثر از مسائل اقتصادی و اجتماعی است، بر رضایت ساکنان و کیفیت زندگی آنها تأثیر می‌گذارد. مشکلات زیست‌محیطی، از جمله آلودگی هوا و تغییرات اقلیمی، نیازمند توجه ویژه و برنامه‌ریزی برای رشد هوشمند شهری هستند. توسعه فضای سبز و پارک‌ها به‌عنوان عوامل کلیدی در بهبود کیفیت زندگی ساکنان شناخته شده‌اند و می‌توانند به کاهش آلودگی و افزایش رضایت عمومی کمک کنند. در نهایت، هماهنگی بین ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و کالبدی برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی و زیست‌پذیری در این منطقه ضروری است. نتیجه‌گیری: پژوهش‌ها نشان می‌دهند که بعد مدیریتی و زیست‌محیطی از عوامل کلیدی در رشد هوشمند شهری هستند. در بعد اقتصادی، تنوع کسب‌وکار و مسکن متنوع جز اثرگذارترین شاخص‌ها شناخته شده‌اند. از نظر اجتماعی، اختلاط طبقات و توزیع متعادل تراکم جمعیت اهمیت دارند. در بعد زیست‌محیطی، توسعه فضاهای سبز و کاهش آلودگی از مهم‌ترین شاخص‌ها محسوب می‌شوند. همچنین، مدیریت واحد شهری و استفاده بهینه از اراضی نیز بسیار حائز اهمیت است. در نهایت، ابعاد کالبدی، اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی از دیدگاه خبرگان، برای افزایش زیست‌پذیری اجتماعی در منطقه دارای اولویت هستند. در نتیجه با مدیریت مناسب و یکپارچه سازی فضایی برای بهبود وضعیت گسترش منطقه 22 در راستای الگوی رشد هوشمند شهری می تواند نقش مهمی در زیست پذیری شهرها از لحاظ اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی ایفا کند و به سمت توسعه پایدار حرکت کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فضا؛ رشد هوشمند؛ زیست پذیری شهری؛ منطقه 22؛ کلانشهر تهران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effects of Smart Growth on Urban Livability (Region 22, Tehran Metropolitan Area) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mina Khandan1؛ Nobakht Sobhani2؛ Ehsan Ghorbani3 | ||
| 1Department of Urban Planning, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Architecture, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and Purpos: The establishment of Region 22 in the early 1990s led to urban growth away from the center and linear development towards the west of Tehran. Over time, this area shifted towards urban sprawl and distancing from the center. The increase in population growth and the desire for residential space altered the growth pattern of the region; however, the principles of smart urban growth were overlooked. This resulted in the construction of high-rise buildings without appropriate land-use planning and diversification that supports social viability, that, the unconsidered urban pattern and the vast urban fabric have exacerbated the issues in Region 22. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of smart growth on urban sustainability in Region 22 of Tehran Methodology: This research is applied in nature and descriptive-analytical based on data collection. The research is divided into two phases. In the first phase, a review of the theoretical foundations and previous studies identified the dimensions and indicators of smart urban growth and their qualitative impact and importance on the area's sustainability, categorized into five groups with 38 distinct indicators. In the second phase, the DEMATEL technique based on the DANP (Decision-Making and Network Process) was used to examine the intensity of the relationships between the dimensions and indicators of smart urban growth. In this context, the interconnections and weights of the dimensions and indicators were determined through a survey of 30 urban experts and managers familiar with smart urban growth, using purposive sampling. Findings and Discussion: The findings indicate that the managerial dimension, with a score of 0.043, is one of the most influential criteria for improving the sustainability of Region 22 in Tehran. Smart management is essential for optimal use of vacant lands and reducing challenges. Economic performance is also significantly influenced by management, contributing to better living conditions for residents and fostering sustainable growth. Social factors, such as social class mixing and population control, play a vital role in sustainability. Moreover, the spatial quality of the region, affected by economic and social issues, impacts residents’ satisfaction and quality of life. Environmental problems, including air pollution and climate change, require special attention and planning for smart urban growth. The development of green spaces and parks is recognized as a key factor in enhancing residents' quality of life, helping to reduce pollution and increase public satisfaction. Ultimately, coordination among economic, social, and spatial dimensions is essential for improving quality of life and sustainability in this area. Conclusion: Smart urban growth, as a modern model of sustainable development, can enhance targeted management and planning across various spatial, economic, social, and environmental dimensions. This approach plays a crucial role in preventing unchecked urban expansion and improving social welfare and the environment. Research shows that managerial and environmental dimensions are key factors in smart urban growth. In the economic dimension, business diversity and varied housing types are recognized as among the most influential indicators. Socially, class mixing and balanced population density distribution are significant. Environmentally, the development of green spaces and pollution reduction are among the most important indicators. Additionally, unified urban management and optimal land use are also critically important. Ultimately, from the experts' perspective, spatial, social, and environmental dimensions are prioritized for enhancing social sustainability in the region. Consequently, proper management and spatial integration can play a significant role in improving the situation of Region 22 in line with the smart urban growth model, contributing to urban sustainability in terms of economic, social, and environmental aspects, and moving towards sustainable development. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Space, Smart Growth, Urban Livability, Region 22, Tehran Metropolitan Area | ||
| مراجع | ||
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