پایش و ارزیابی اثرات ذرات گرد و غبار واحدهای فرآیندی بر سلامت شاغلین صنعت سیمان کرمانشاه

سرخیل, حمید; شهبازی, علی; طلائیان, محمد; عظیمی, یوسف; پرتوی, آرمیتا

doi:10.48308/envs.2024.1425

	پایش و ارزیابی اثرات ذرات گرد و غبار واحدهای فرآیندی بر سلامت شاغلین صنعت سیمان کرمانشاه
فصلنامه علوم محیطی
مقاله 2، دوره 23، شماره 3، 1404، صفحه 563-582 اصل مقاله (1008.93 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/envs.2024.1425
نویسندگان
حمید سرخیل^* ¹؛ علی شهبازی²؛ محمد طلائیان²؛ یوسف عظیمی³؛ آرمیتا پرتوی¹
¹گروه آموزشی فراوری و محیط زیست معدنی، دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
²دانشکده محیط زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران
³پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان محیط زیست، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: از آنجا یکی از پایه‌های صنعت کشور کارخانجات تولید سیمان است و با توجه به اینکه از چالش‌های مهم در این صنعت اثرات مواجهه با گردو غبار بر سیستم تنفسی می‌باشد. با توجه به اهمیت سلامت نیروی کار در توسعه پایدار، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیرات تماس با گردوغبار سیمان و سیلیس بر سیستم تنفسی افراد مشغول در کارخانه سیمان کرمانشاه طراحی و اجرا گردید. مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه به‌صورت کوهرت گذشته‌نگر انجام گرفت و میزان شاخص ریوی 138 نفر از کارکنان در سه گروه مواجهه یافته با سیلیس و سیمان و گروه کنترل (مواجهه نیافته) هدف پایش قرار گرفت. همچنین میزان گرد و غبار سیمان و سیلیس در واحدها به صورت قرائت مستقیم ارزیابی گردید. پس از معاینه بالینی و تکمیل پرسشنامه، داده‌ها به کمک نرم‌افزار spss ویرایش 22 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد در مورد پارامترهای وزن، BMI، جنسیت، میزان سالهای مواجهه و سابقه مصرف سیگار بین گروه مواجهه با سیلیس و سیمان با گروه کنترل اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. همچنین نتایج آنالیز آماری نشان داد درمورد شاخص‌های FVC%، FEV1% و PEF% بین گروه‌های مواجهه یافته با سیلیس و سیمان با گروه کنترل تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری مشاهده شد (01/0> P). درمورد شاخص FEV1/FVC% تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری بین سه گروه نشان داده نشد(409/0= P). مقایسه شاخص‌های ریوی گروه مواجهه یافته با سیلیس و سیمان و گروه کنترل نشان داد که تمامی شاخص‌های ریوی در گروه مواجهه یافته با سیلیس و سیمان نسبت به گروه کنترل افت داشته است. بین میزان غلظت سیلیس و سیمان و سابقه مواجهه با سیلیس و سیمان با شاخص‌های ریوی ارتباط معنی‌داری یافت نشد. بنابراین کارکنان در قسمت تولید سیمان که در معرض مواجهه با گردوغبار سیمان می‌باشند در معرض خطر پیشروی علائم ریوی و افت شاخص‌های اسپیرومتری هستند. نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه با بررسی ارتباط بین شاخص‌های ریوی و سابقه مواجهه، غلظت و عوامل فردی صحت این مطلب را آشکار می‌سازد که با توجه به مهم بودن فرایند تولید سیمان و حجم بالای گرد و خاکی که از آن انتشار می‌یاید مطالعات در راستای بررسی اثرات سلامت گرد و خاک بر روی نیروی کار امری حیاتی است و ارائه راهکارهایی که در عین اقتصادی بودن، قابلیت اجرا در زمان کم را داشته و با توجه به نیازها و ویژگی‌های منطقه باشد، باید در دستور کار قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اسپیرومتری؛ گردوغبار سیمان؛ علایم تنفسی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation and Monitoring of the Impact of Process Unit Dust Particles on the Health of Employees in the Kermanshah Cement Industry
نویسندگان [English]
Hamid Sarkheil¹؛ Ali Shahbazi²؛ Mohammad Talaeian²؛ Yousef Azimi³؛ Armita Partovi¹
¹Faculty Member/College of Engineering, University of Tehran
²College of Environment, Department od Environment, Tehran
³Research Group of Environmental Engineering and Pollution Monitoring, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, (RCESD), Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Therefore, one of the foundations of the country's industry is the cement factories, and considering that one of the important challenges in this industry is the effects of exposure to dust on the respiratory system. Considering the importance of workforce health in sustainable development, this research was designed and implemented with the aim of investigating the effects of contact with cement and silica dust on the respiratory system of people working in Kermanshah cement factory. Material and methods: This study was performed as a retrospective cohort, and the lung index of 138 employees in three groups exposed to silica and cement and the control group (not exposed) was monitored. Also, the amount of cement and silica dust in the units was evaluated by direct reading. After clinical examination and completion of the questionnaire, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results and discussion: The results showed no significant difference between the exposure group with silica and cement with the control group regarding the parameters of weight, BMI, gender, years of exposure, and smoking history. The statistical analysis results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups exposed to silica and cement with the control group regarding FVC%, FEV1%, and PEF% indices (P <0.01). Regarding FEV1 / FVC% index, no statistically significant difference was shown between the three groups (P = 0.409). Comparison of pulmonary indices in the group exposed to silica and cement and the control group showed that all pulmonary indices in the group exposed to silica and cement decreased compared to the control group. No significant relationship was found between silica and cement concentration and the history of exposure to silica and cement with pulmonary indices. Therefore, workers in the cement sector exposed to cement dust are at risk of developing pulmonary symptoms and decreased spirometry parameters. Conclusion: The results of this study, by investigating the relationship between pulmonary indices and the history of exposure, concentration and individual factors, reveal the truth of this matter, that due to the importance of the cement production process and the high volume of dust that is emitted from it, studies aimed at investigating the health effects of dust And the soil on the labor force is a vital matter, and providing solutions that, while being economical, have the ability to be implemented in a short time and are according to the needs and characteristics of the region, should be on the agenda. Results and discussion: The results showed no significant difference between the exposure group with silica and cement with the control group regarding the parameters of weight, BMI, gender, years of exposure, and smoking history. The statistical analysis results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups exposed to silica and cement with the control group regarding FVC%, FEV1%, and PEF% indices (P <0.01). Regarding FEV1 / FVC% index, no statistically significant difference was shown between the three groups (P = 0.409). Comparison of pulmonary indices in the group exposed to silica and cement and the control group showed that all pulmonary indices in the group exposed to silica and cement decreased compared to the control group. No significant relationship was found between silica and cement concentration and the history of exposure to silica and cement with pulmonary indices. Therefore, workers in the cement sector exposed to cement dust are at risk of developing pulmonary symptoms and decreased spirometry parameters.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Spirometry, Cement dust, Respiratory symptoms

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پایش و ارزیابی اثرات ذرات گرد و غبار واحدهای فرآیندی بر سلامت شاغلین صنعت سیمان کرمانشاه