موازنۀ آرمان عدالت کیفری و موازین حقوقی: اِعمال صلاحیت دیوان بینالمللی کیفری نسبت به اتباع دولتهای غیرعضو | ||
| فصلنامه تحقیقات حقوقی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 21، شماره 84، بهمن 1397، صفحه 11-41 اصل مقاله (398.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jlr.2018.111874.1059 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ابراهیم بیگ زاده1؛ سید محمدعلی عبداللهی* 2 | ||
| 1استاد دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکترا حقوق بین الملل دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| دیوان بینالمللی کیفری نخستین نهاد دائمی است که در راستای تحقق عدالت کیفری و مبارزه با بیکیفرمانی تشکیل شده است و، وظیفه خطیر تعقیب و محاکمه مرتکبان شنیعترین جنایات بینالمللی را بر عهده دارد. اساسنامه رم که از اوّل ژوئیه سال ۲۰۰۲ لازمالاجرا شده است، سند اساسی این دیوان است که با هدف تضمین کارایی و کارآمدی این نهاد مهم بینالمللی تدوین و تصویب شده است. یکی از بخشهای مهم اساسنامه، مواد مربوط به صلاحیت دیوان است که از زمان مذاکرات پیش از انعقاد اساسنامه در کنفرانس رم تا پس از تأسیس دیوان و در حال حاضر موضوعهای بحثبرانگیز متعددی را در پی داشته است. یکی از این موضوعها، بحث پیششرطهای اِعمال صلاحیت دیوان بینالمللی کیفری و خلأهای صلاحیتی آن در مواجهه با جنایات بینالمللی موضوع اساسنامه است. در مقاله حاضر، تلاش شده است اوّلاً پیششرطهای اِعمال صلاحیت دیوان، مذکور در ماده ۱۲ اساسنامه به نحو مقتضی تبیین گردد، ثانیاً ادله موافقان و مخالفان توسعه موارد مذکور تشریح شود، و در نهایت ارزیابی مدلّلی از نظرات مختلف در خصوص امکان یا عدم امکان توسعه صلاحیت دیوان ارائه گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| دیوان بینالمللی کیفری؛ صلاحیت جهانی؛ صلاحیت شخصی؛ صلاحیت سرزمینی؛ اصل تابعیت منفعل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Ideal of Criminal Justice and Legal Standards: Exercising Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over Nationals of non-State Parties | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ebrahim Beigzadeh1؛ عبداللهی عبداللهی2 | ||
| 1Full Professor in Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| 2دانشجو دکترا حقوق بین الملل دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| International Criminal Court (ICC) is the first permanent body established in pursuance of implementing criminal justice and fight against impunity and was assigned with the critical function of prosecution and conviction of perpetrators of the most heinous international crimes. Having been enforced in 2002, the Rome Statute is the constitutional document of the Court which was drafted and adopted with the goal of ensuring effectiveness and efficiency of this primary international body. Provisions related to jurisdiction of the Court are among the most important parts of the Statute and were the subject of many controversial issues during the negotiations of the Rome conference, after the establishment of the Court, and even now. One such issue is the preconditions to the exercise of jurisdiction the Court and the existence of jurisdictional gaps in the Statute in the confrontation with the international crimes covered in that document. This article tries to, first, appropriately elaborate on the preconditions to the exercise of jurisdiction formulated in Article 12 of the Statute, second, to explain the arguments for and against expanding the mentioned preconditions, and finally, to submit an argumentative assessment of different views concerning whether such expansion is possible. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| International Criminal Court, universal jurisdiction, Personal Jurisdiction, Territorial Jurisdiction, passive personality jurisdiction | ||
| مراجع | ||
فهرست منابعمنابع فارسی الف: قوانین و مقررات
ب: منابع فارسی
ج: منابع انگلیسی
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