سرانجام سیاقنویسی در ایران | ||
| مجله تاریخ ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، 1393، صفحه 111-134 اصل مقاله (682.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| عمادالدین شیخ الحکمایی* | ||
| پژوهشگر موسسه باستانشناسی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیاقت و سیاق، شیوۀ خاص نگارش اعداد بود که به مرور زمان و با ساده شدۀ حرف نویسی اعداد عربی به وجود آمده است. نوشتن به این شیوه برای ثبت محاسبات مالی در ایران، بیش از هزار سال در میان گروههای مختلف اجتماع ـ از مستوفیان دیوان تا حساب روزمره مردم ـ رواج داشته است. در دورۀ مشروطه محاسبات به شیوۀ سیاق جای خود را به شیوۀ نوین نگارش بودجه داد. «دفاتر دخل و خرج مملکتی» کنار نهاده شد و به جای آن بودجه کل کشور به کار رفت. این مقاله تغییرات اجتماعی اواخر عصر قاجار و دلایل متروک شدن سیاقنویسی را بررسی میکند تا به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که آیا این تحول ناشی از حضور مستشاران فرنگی، و بنا به ضرورت زمانه صورت گرفته و یا ریشه در اندیشه اصلاحگران داخلی این عصر دارد؟AbstractSiāghat and Siāgh was a particular method of writing numbers which was created over time through the simplification of the writing of Arabic numbers. This method of writing, which was popular for financial registration over a thousand years, was used among various social groups in Iran for fiscal operations and daily calculations. At the time of the constitutional government, however, this method of Siāgh-Writing was replaced by a new one in budget. Iran's “Books of income and expenditure” (Dafater-e dakhl va kharj-e mamlekati) was discarded. Instead, the budget-writing system was put to good use. The present article explores the social changes at the end of the Qajar period and the reasons for the gradual decline in Siāgh-Writing in order to answer the following question: Does this change take place of necessity and due to the presence and influence of the foreign counselors? Or does it originate in the views and ideas of domestic reformists? Keywords: Siāgh-Writing, Fiscal Operations, The Qajar period, Dafater-e dakhl va kharj-e mamlekati, Budget-Writing. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| سیاق؛ سیاقنویسی؛ محاسبات مالی؛ دوره قاجار؛ دفاتر دخل و خرج؛ شیوۀ بودجهنویسی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Fate of Siāgh-Writing in Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Siāghat and Siāgh was a particular method of writing numbers which was created over time through the simplification of the writing of Arabic numbers. This method of writing, which was popular for financial registration over a thousand years, was used among various social groups in Iran for fiscal operations and daily calculations. At the time of the constitutional government, however, this method of Siāgh-Writing was replaced by a new one in budget. Iran’s “Books of income and expenditure” (Dafater-e dakhl va kharj-e mamlekati) was discarded. Instead, the budget-writing system was put to good use. The present article explores the social changes at the end of the Qajar period and the reasons for the gradual decline in Siāgh-Writing in order to answer the following question: Does this change take place of necessity and due to the presence and influence of the foreign counselors? Or does it originate in the views and ideas of domestic reformists? | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Siāgh-Writing, Fiscal Operations, The Qajar period, Dafater-e dakhl va kharj-e mamlekati, Budget-Writing | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,884 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,412 |
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