مقایسه تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رهاکننده درمان | ||
| فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 62، 1401، صفحه 156-133 اصل مقاله (809.69 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.52547/apsy.2021.223267.1113 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهسا حائری1؛ محمدعلی بشارت* 2؛ محمد احمدوند شاهوردی3؛ فریده رمضانی مقدم آرانی4 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی عمومی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 4دکتری روان‌شناسی سلامت، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف: سوءمصرف مواد عبارت است از الگوی غیرانطباقی مصرف مواد که از طریق پیامدهای نامطلوب عودکننده و قابل‌ملاحظه مرتبط با استعمال مکرر مواد ظاهر می‌شود. متغیرهای چندگانه بر شدت، مدت و درمان اختلالات سوءمصرف مواد تأثیر می‌گذارند. برآوردها در سال ۲۰۱۷ نشان داد که ۲۷۱ میلیون نفر در جهان از یک یا چند ماده‌مخدر استفاده کرده‌اند. پژوهش حاضر که از نوع علی-مقایسه‌ای بود، با هدف مقایسه تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رهاکننده درمان انجام شد. روش: بدین منظور، 180 نفر از مراجع‌کنندگان به سه مرکز ترک اعتیاد، به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه درمان دارویی، مشاوره انگیزشی و درمان ترکیبی دارویی- انگیزشی قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌ها پیش از درمان، پرسشنامه‌های مربوط به مقیاس تکانشوری بارات (بارات، 1994)، مقیاس استحکام من (بشارت، 1386)، مقیاس ناگویی هیجانی تورنتو (بگبی، پارکر و تیلور، 1994) و مقیاس چندبعدی حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده (زیمت، دالم، زیمت و فارلی، 1988) را تکمیل کردند. پس از پایان دوره درمانی، تعداد افراد باقی‌مانده هر گروه درمانی به‌ترتیب 45، 39 و 43 نفر بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون ناپارامتری یو مان-ویتنی استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان‌دهنده تفاوت معنادار در متغیرهای تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده بین معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رهاکننده درمان است. نتیجه‌گیری: توجه به این متغیرها می‌تواند در برنامه‌های پیشگیری، تشخیص و درمان سوءمصرف مواد مؤثر واقع شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استحکام من؛ تکانشوری؛ حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده؛ سوءمصرف مواد؛ ناگویی هیجانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of Impulsiveness, Ego strength, Alexithymia and Perceived Social Support in Addicts Who Continue Treatment and Those Who Quit | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahsa Haeri1؛ Mohammad Ali Besharat2؛ Mohammad Ahmadvand Shahverdi3؛ Farideh Ramezani Moghadam Arani4 | ||
| 1M.A. in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3M.A. Student in General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 4PhD in Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aim: Substance abuse is a maladaptive pattern of substance use through recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to the repeated use of substances appearing. Multiple variables affected on severity, duration and treatment of substance abuse disorders. In 2017, globally 271 million people were estimated to have used one or more illicit drugs. The aim of this causal-comparative study was the comparison of impulsiveness, ego strength, alexithymia and perceived social support in addicts who continued treatment and those who abandoned treatment. Methods: For this purpose, 180 participations referred to 3 drug rehabilitation center and after obtaining the consent and conveniently placed into three groups: medicinal, motivational and combined (medicinal-motivational) treatment randomly. Participations completed BIS (Barratt, 1994), Ego Strength Scale (Besharat, 2006), TAS-20 (Bagby, Parker & Taylor, 1994) and MSPSS (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1998) before and after the treatments. The number of people remained at the end of treatment were 45, 39 and 43 respectively in each group. For analyze the data non-parametric U Mann-Whitney test was used. Results: The results showed significant differences on impulsiveness, ego strength, alexithymia and perceived social support between Addicts Who Continued Treatment and Those Who Abandoned Treatment. Conclusion: Considering these variable can be effective in preventing, diagnosis and treatment of addiction. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| ego strength, impulsiveness, perceived social support, substance abuse, alexithymia | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abramoff, B. A., Lange, H. L., Matson, S. C., Cottrill, C. B., Bridge, J. A., Abdel-Rasoul, M., & Bonny, A. E. (2015). Delayed Ego Strength Development in Opioid Dependent Adolescents and Young Adults. Journal of Addiction. [Link] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. [Link] Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23-32. [Link] Barratt, E. S. (1994). Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data. In W. B. McCown, J. L. Johnson, & M. B. Shure (Eds.). The impulsive client: Theory, research and treatment. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 40; Pp: 39- 45. [Link] Besharat, M. A. (2007a). Reliability and factorial validity of a Farsi version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale with a sample of Iranian students. Psychological Reports, 101, 209-220. [Link] Birtela, M. D., Wood, L., & Kempac, N. J. (2017). Stigma and social support in substance abuse: Implications for mental health and well-being. Psychiatry Research, 252, 1-8. [Link] Carla, L-N., Martinez-Loredo, V., Artamendi, S. F., Fernández-Hermida, J-R., Pericot-Valverde, I., Weidberg-López, & Secades-Villa, R. (2017). Impulsivity, sensation seeking and substance use among adolescents: A longitudinal research. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 171, 34-35. [Link] Chen, G. (2005). Social support, spiritual program and addiction recovery. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 50, 306-323. [Link] Chou, K. L. (2000). Assessing Chinese adolescents' social support: The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 299-307. [Link] Coccaro, E. F., Fridberg, D. J., Fanning, J. R., Grant, J. E., King, A. C., & Lee, R. (2016). Substance use disorders: Relationship with intermittent explosive disorder and with aggression, anger, and impulsivity. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 81, 127-132. [Link] Colder, C. R., Frndak, S., Lengua, L. J., Read, J. P., Hawk Jr., L. W., & Wieczorek, W. F. (2017). Internalizing and Externalizing Problem Behavior: a Test of a Latent Variable Interaction Predicting a Two-Part Growth Model of Adolescent Substance Use. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 1-12. [Link] Dorard, G., Bungener, C., Phanb, O., Edel, Y., Corcos, M., & Berthoz, S. (2017). Is alexithymia related to cannabis use disorder? Results from a case-control study in outpatient adolescent cannabis abusers. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 95, 74-80. [Link] Evren, C., Cinar, O., Evren, B., Umut, G., Can, Y., & Bozkurt, M. (2015). Relationship Between Alexithymia and Aggression in a Sample of Men with Substance Dependence. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni, 25, 209-320. [Link] Fredrick, C. (2013). The center core in ego state therapy and other hypnotically facilitated psychotherapies. American journal of clinical hypnosis, 56, 39-53. [Link] Goodwin, R. D., & Stein, D. J. (2013). Anxiety disorders and drug dependence: Evidence on sequence and specificity among adults. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 67, 167–173. [Link] Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41-54. [Link] Kajanoja, J., Scheinin, N. M., Karukivi, M., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2019). Alcohol and tobacco use in men: the role of alexithymia and externally oriented thinking style. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 45(2), 199-207. [Link] Keefer, K. V., Taylor, G. J., Parker, J. D. A., & Bagby, R. M. (2017). Taxometric Analysis of the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia: Further Evidence That Alexithymia Is a Dimensional Construct. Assessment, 1, 1-12. [Link] Kerr, W. C., Ye. Y., Greenfield, T. K., Williams, E., Lui, C. K., Li, L., & Lown, A. E. (2017). Changes in heavy drinking following onset of health problems in a U.S. general population sample. Preventive Medicine, 95, 47-51. [Link] Kypri, K., Wilson, A., Attia, A., Sheeran, P., Miller, P., & McCambridge, K. (2016). Social Desirability Bias in the Reporting of Alcohol Consumption: A Randomized Trial. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 77(3), 526–531. [Link] Leunga, D., Staigera, P. K., Haydena, M., Luma, J. A. G., Hall, K., Manning, V., & Verdejo-Garcia, A. (2017). Meta-analysis of the relationship between impulsivity and substance-related cognitive biases. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 172, 21- 33. [Link] Maraz, A., Andóc, B., Rigó, P., Harmatta, J., Takách, G., Zalka, Z., Boncz, I., Lackó, Z., Urbán, R., van den Brink, W., & Demetrovics, Z. (2016). The two-faceted nature of impulsivity in patients with borderline personality disorder and substance use disorder. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 163, 48-54. [Link] Palmer, B. R., Gignac, G., Manocha, R., & Syough, C. (2004). A psychometric evaluation of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test Version 2.0. Intelligence, 33, 285-305. [Link] Panebianco, D., Gallupe, O., Carrington, P. J., & Colozzi, I. (2016). Personal support networks, social capital, and risk of relapse among individuals treated for substance use issues. International Journal of Drug Policy, 27, 146-153. [Link] Petrović, Z. K., Peraica, T., & Kozarić-Kovačić, D. (2018). Comparison of ego strength between aggressive and non-aggressive alcoholics: a cross-sectional study. Croatian medical journal, 59(4), 156. [Link] Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (Eleventh edition.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. [Link] Singh, N., & Anand, A. (2015). Ego-Strength and Self-Concept among Adolescents: A Study on Gender Differences. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 8, 46-54. [Link] Studer, J., Baggio, S., Dupuis, M., Mohler-Kuo, M., Daeppen, J. B., & Gmel, G. (2017). Substance Use in Young Swiss Men: The Interplay of Perceived Social Support and Dispositional Characteristics. Journal Substance Use & Misuse, 52, 798-810. [Link] Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, M. (2000). An overview of the alexithymia construct. In R. Bar-On & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence (pp. 263-276). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. [Link] Terock, J., Hannemann, A., Janowitz, D., Völzke, H., Nauck, M., Freyberger, H., Wallaschofski, H., & Jörgen Grabe, H. (2017). Living alone and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system: Differential effects depending on alexithymic personality features. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 96, 42-48. [Link] Thompson, W. E. (2017). Social Support, Religious Involvement and Alcohol Use among Students at a Conservative Religious University. Behavioral sciences, 7, 34, 1-12. [Link] Thorberg, F. A., Young, R. M., Lyvers, M., Sullivan, K. A., Hasking, P., London, E., Tyssen, R., Connor, J., & Feeney, G. (2017). Alexithymia in relation to alcohol expectancies in alcohol-dependent outpatients. Psychiatry Research, 236, 88-86. [Link] Watson, D., Clarke, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS Scales. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070. [Link] Wong, M. M., Nigg, J. T., Puttler, L. I., Fitzgerald, H. E., Jester, J. M., Glass, J. M., Adams, K. M., Zucker, R. A. (2006). Behavioral control and resiliency in the onset of alcohol and illicit drug use: A prospective study from preschool to adolescence. Child Development, 77, 1016-1033. [Link] Zarse, E. M., Neff, M. R., Yoder, R., Hulvershorn, L., Chambers, J. E., & Chambers, R. A. (2019). The adverse childhood experiences questionnaire: two decades of research on childhood trauma as a primary cause of adult mental illness, addiction, and medical diseases. Cogent Medicine, 6(1), 1581447. [Link] Zimet, D. G., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, G. D., & Farley, K. G. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 25, 30-41. [Link] | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 14,239 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 14,627 |
||